Usage
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Female leadership by Industry:
Female leadership in real estate related businesses is the highest, followed by B to C related activities such as retail and services
The ratio of female CEOs in 2019 was the highest in the Real Estate (16.7%). It also had the highest increase of 7.5% over the past 30 years. Female leadership was also high in the B to C focused Retail (10.5%) and Services Industry (10.4%) of all surveyed firms in these industries having a female CEO. On the other hand, female leadership was the lowest in the Construction. The share of female CEOs in Construction was 4.7%, well below the all-industry average of 7.9%.
Although the share of female leaders has generally increased year-on-year, Construction was the only industry with no change from 2018.
| 1989 | 1999 | 2009 | 2014 | 2018 | 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industry Type | ||||||
| Construction | 2.6 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 |
| Manufacturing | 3.1 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 5.2 |
| Wholesale Trade | 3.5 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.8 |
| Retail Trade | 6.9 | 8.2 | 9.2 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.5 |
| Transport and Communication | 3.7 | 5.0 | 5.9 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 6.9 |
| Services | 5.8 | 7.4 | 8.3 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 10.4 |
| Real Estate | 9.2 | 13.1 | 15.0 | 16.1 | 16.6 | 16.7 |
| Others | 3.7 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 7.0 |
Further analysis, by detailed industry type, shows that Day Nursery (42.3%)has the highest share of female CEOs. It was the only sub-industry with the share of female CEOs exceeding 40%. Other sub-industries with a high share of female CEOs includedCosmetics stores (35.9%)、Beauty Parlors (30.9%)、Miscellaneous schools (33.3%)、Welfare for senior citizens (29.9%). In addition to industries closely related to day-to-day life, the ratio of female CEOs was high in industries where the needs of women are high, such as beauty.